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Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental
versión impresa ISSN 0188-4999
Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient vol.21 no.3 Ciudad de México jul./sep. 2005
Articles
DDT'S, HCH AND HCB LEVELS IN BREAST ADIPOSE TISSUE IN WOMEN WITH BREAST TUMORS
1Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Veracruz, 94290 Boca del Río, Ver. México
2Center of Atmospheric Sciences, UNAM, México
3The Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS Hospital), Veracruz
4Chemical-Biological Area University of Veracruz
Organochlorine pesticides have been used in Mexico in agriculture, sanitation, malaria programs and livestock to combat ectoparasites. Due to their chemical stability, persistence and lipophility, their residues bioconcentrate in lipid-rich tissues, according to the equilibrium pattern of internal transport and lipid tissue content. The studies on their role as estrogenic or antiandrogenic agents have related these pesticides to breast cancer. Therefore, organochlorine pesticides were determined in breast adipose tissue of women subjected to surgery due to the diagnosis of breast abnormalities. The study pool constituted 127 women with malignant breast tumors, 127 with benign breast tumors and 127 in a control group without breast abnormalities. The pesticides determined were: HCB, β-HCH, pp'DDE, op'DDT, pp'DDT and Σ-DDT. Comparing the studied groups, the highest residue levels were determined in the benign breast tumor group. The determined levels from the control group through malignant to benign cases increased stepwise; HCB: 0.045, 0.099, 0.116 mg kg- 1, β-HCH: 0.163, 0.265, 0.319 mg kg- 1, pp'DDE: 0.782, 0.980, 1.761 mg kg" 1, op'DDT: 0.035, 0.094, 0.176 mg kg- 1, pp'DDT: 0.296, 0.351, 0.661 mg kg- 1, Σ-DDT: 1.112, 1.423, 2.601 mg kg- 1, respectively. Paired analyses of the three groups revealed divergences among them and correlation of these pesticide levels with breast tumors. Calculated relative risk (RR) values for the benign to control group and the malignant to control cases presented the following values: HCB: 2.11, 2.01, β-HCH: 1.96, 1.58, pp'DDE: 2.13, 1.17, op'DDT: 4.42, 2.27, pp'DDT: 2.33, 1.33, Σ-DDT: 2.21, 1.19 respectively. The obtained results indicate higher organochlorine pesticide residue levels in women with benign breast abnormalities and higher relative risk related to op'DDT presence.
Key words: pesticides; breast tumors
En México, los plaguicidas organoclorados se ha utilizado en agricultura, salud pública en programas del combate a la malaria y a ectoparásitos de ganado. Debido a su estabilidad química, persistencia y lipofilidad, sus residuos se biomagnifican en tejidos ricos en grasa de acuerdo con el estado de equilibrio entre el transporte interno y el contenido de lípidos en tejidos. Los estudios sobre su papel como agentes estrogénicos o antiandrogénicos relacionan a los plaguicidas organoclorados con el cáncer mamario. Por esta razón se determinaron los niveles de plaguicidas organoclorados en mujeres sujetas a cirugía para diagnosticar anomalías mamarias. En el estudio participaron 127 pacientes con tumor maligno de seno, 127 pacientes con tumor benigno de seno y 127 pacientes como testigos sin anomalías mamarias. Los plaguicidas estudiados fueron: HCB, β-HCH, pp'DDE, op'DDT, pp'DDT y Σ-DDT. Comparando con el grupo testigo, el nivel superior se determinó en las pacientes con tumor benigno de mama. Los niveles de plaguicidas organoclorados desde el grupo testigo al grupo de casos malignos y benignos se incrementó paulatinamente: HCB: 0.045, 0.099, 0.116 mg kg- 1, β-HCH: 0.163, 0.265, 0.319 mg kg" 1, pp'DDE: 0.782, 0.980, 1.761 mg kg" 1, op'DDT: 0.035, 0.094, 0.176 mg kg-1, pp'DDT: 0.296, 0.351, 0.661 mg kg-1, Σ-DDT: 1.112, 1.423, 2.601 mg kg" 1, respectivamente. El análisis pareado de medias reveló divergencia entre los tres grupos y correlación de los niveles de plaguicidas organoclorados en el tumor mamario benigno. Al calcular los valores del riesgo relativo (RR) para los grupos con tumor mamario benigno y maligno, se obtuvieron los valores siguientes: HCB: 2.11, 2.01, β-HCH: 1.96, 1.58, pp'DDE: 2.13, 1.17, op'DDT: 4.42, 2.27, pp'DDT: 2.33, 1.33, Σ-DDT: 2.21, 1.19, respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos indican mayores concentraciones de plaguicidas organoclorados en mujeres con anomalías benignas de seno y un riesgo relativo mayor relacionado con la presencia del op'DDT.
Palabras clave: plaguicidas; tumores de seno
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Received: May 2005; Accepted: August 2005
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
