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Salud Pública de México
Print version ISSN 0036-3634
Abstract
BASTO-ABREU, Ana et al. Prevalence of diabetes and glycemic control in Mexico: national results from 2018 and 2020. Salud pública Méx [online]. 2021, vol.63, n.6, pp.725-733. Epub Feb 27, 2023. ISSN 0036-3634. https://doi.org/10.21149/12842.
Objective:
To estimate the prevalence of diabetes (diagnosed and undiagnosed), glycemic control in Mexico, and its associated factors.
Materials and methods:
We used data from Ensanut 2018 (n=12 648) and 2020 (n=2 309). We defined diabetes as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl or HbA1c≥6.5% or previously diagnosed; glycemic control was defined as HbA1c<7%. We fitted Poisson regression models to assess the association between diabetes, glycemic control, and potential associated factors.
Results:
The total prevalence of diabetes was 16.8% in 2018 and 15.7% in 2020. In 2018, 38% of adults with diabetes were unaware of their disease, while in 2020 this figure was 29%. Glycemic control was observed in 42% of participants in 2018 and 39% in 2020. Longer disease duration was associated with lower glycemic control, while older age, having a diet, and being affiliated to IMSS, Pemex, Sedena, or private healthcare were associated with better control.
Conclusion:
Mexico is among the countries with the highest diabetes prevalence. A high proportion of adults with diabetes did not have a previous diagnosis, and the proportion with glycemic control is low. Strengthening screening to achieve a timely diagnosis, and improving glycemic control, should be key actions in the management of diabetes.
Keywords : Diabetes; prevalence; fasting blood glucose; epidemiologic surveys; HbA1c.