Abstract

SANGABRIEL, Wendy et al. TOLERANCIA Y CAPACIDAD DE FITORREMEDIACIÓN DE COMBUSTÓLEO EN EL SUELO POR SEIS ESPECIES VEGETALES. Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient [online]. 2006, vol.22, n.2, pp.63-73. ISSN 0188-4999.

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the tolerance and growth of three legume species (Clitoria ternatea, Phaseolus coccineus, and Cicer arietinum) and three grass species (Brachiaria hybrid, Brachiaria brizantha and Panicum maximum) to fuel oil-contaminated soil, and to evaluate their ability to diminish the content of total hydrocarbons from fuel oil. Seeds were sowed in non-contaminated and contaminated soil with fuel oil (50,000 mg kg-1) by an accidental spill, and collected from Fríjol Colorado, Veracruz. After 90 days, plant tolerance and growth, rhizosphere microbial population, and fuel oil-degradation were evaluated. Phaseolus coccineus was the only legume that tolerated and grew up in contaminated soil; in contrast, the three grass species were not negatively affected by the fuel-oil in soil, though Brachiaria hybrid showed higher growth. Rhizosphere bacterial and fungal populations were differentially affected by the presence of the contaminant in combination with the plant. However, highest microbial population was quantified in the P. coccineus rhizosphere at contaminated soil when compared to the other plants. Fuel oil-degradation qualitatively measured via GC-MS, was greater at the B. brizantha and P. maximum rhizo-sphere. In contrast, P. coccineus showed similar fuel oil-degradation to that observed at non-planted contaminated soil.

Keywords : screening; grass species; legume species; rhizosphere; organic contaminants.