Abstract

GUTIERREZ HERNANDEZ, Norma  and  GARCIA GARCIA, Ana María del Socorro. Zacatecas teachers “de pega, de patente and de bombo” and their social impact: Towards an emancipatory legacy in the early years of the 20th century. Debates hist. [online]. 2023, vol.11, n.2, pp.167-193.  Epub Oct 30, 2023. ISSN 2594-2956.  https://doi.org/10.54167/debates-por-la-historia.v11i2.1192.

The present text has as its guiding theme, the Zacatecan teachers of the late 19th century and the early years of the 20th. In this way, the work alludes to primary and secondary sources, and to the school culture that defined these teachers, especially their knowledge and some educational practices. In regard to this, an asymmetrical study plan is alluded to, from which there is an emerging awareness of gender in some of them, also as a result of the “arrival” of feminism since the last third of the nineteenth century. In connection with the above, the research also deliberates, based on a series of articles with a Catholic tinge in the local press (certainly written by a male pen), the impact of Zacatecan female teachers on the social scenario, not only on quantitative terms, by presiding over the rural squares in the entity, but the qualitative changes in their educational formation and social action at the dawn of the new century, unlike what defined them in previous decades. Thus, a greater presence of women teachers from Zacatecas in the public sphere is noted, which gradually led to a disappearance of the female teaching model of the 19th century.

Keywords : Teachers; school culture; education and gender.