Abstract

GONZALEZ-MARTIN DEL CAMPO, Filiberto; NAVARRETE-GUTIERREZ, Dario Alejandro; ENRIQUEZ, Paula L.  and  GORDILLO-PEREZ, María Guadalupe. Bird diversity in sites with different land use in Nuevo Conhuas, Calakmul, Mexico. Acta Zool. Mex [online]. 2019, vol.35, e3501233.  Epub Dec 30, 2019. ISSN 2448-8445.  https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2019.3501233.

Birds are one of the most important vertebrate groups for the ecosystems' functioning, because their functions include pollination and seed dispersal. Nevertheless, their communities and populations are affected by changes in the ecosystems. These modifications can be a reflection of land use, and for this reason it is important to analyze how sites with different land use and ground cover can have an influence on the birds' communities. For this study, we sampled birds from February to June 2017 using mist nets in sites with different land use conditions: a site inside the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, two acahuales, one agricultural and one forested, and one livestock site. The diversity of communities was different in each one of the sampling sites. We identified that bird communities between acahuales and the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve had a greater similarity than the livestock site. The seeders guild and the generalist species were more abundant in the livestock site. There was a greater number of specialist birds with low abundances in the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve. 39% of the species were present in the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, that was the site with the greater diversity (D1= 36.38), and livestock site was dominated by a lower number of species (D2= 3.88). The multivariate analysis showed that the vegetation type present in the sites influence the abundance of the bird species (Dev= 373.1, p= 0.001), and their families. The presence of shared species between the acahuales and the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve shows the importance of the conservation and regeneration of the acahuales because they are a transition stage that contributes to the recovery of some bird species present in mature jungles that are threatened or belong to a risk category.

Keywords : Diversity; communities; avifauna; land use; Calakmul.