Abstract

FERNANDEZ-HERRERA, Ernesto; ACOSTA-RAMOS, Marcelo; PONCE-GONZALEZ, Francisco  and  MANUEL-PINTO, Victor. Biological management of Phytophthora capsici Leo., Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr. and Rhizoctonia solani Kühn in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2007, vol.25, n.1, pp.35-42. ISSN 2007-8080.

The influence of four commercial biological products on incidence of the phytopathogenic root fungi Phytophthora capsici, Rhizoctonia solani, and Fusarium oxysporum was evaluated, as well as their influence on growth of tomato plants cv. Rio Grande. P. capsici (5 x 10⁴ zoospores mL^-1), R. solani (2% infected grain, v:v; grain:soil), F. oxysporum (5 x 10⁶ conidia mL^-1), and a mixture of the three fungi at the same concentration were used as inocula. Disease incidence was evaluated 50 days after inoculation, and seedling height and total dry biomass were quantified when they were 35 days old in the germination trays. A completely randomized design with three replications per treatment was used. The experimental unit consisted of five seedling per replication. The products evaluated did not protect tomato seedlings from infection by P. capsici, F. oxysporum, and the mixture of the three phytopathogens. However, infection by R. solani was reduced efficiently with these products: T22 (Trichoderma harzianum) which gave a 100% protection, while Bio, End, and 343 gave 73.3%. Plant height increased 162.7, 149.4, and 47% with Bio, Bio + End, and End + 343, respectively, while total dry biomass increased 320.7, 314.6, and 57.3%, respectively, in relation to the control.

Keywords : Soil pathogens; Trichoderma harzianum; mycorrhizae; Bacillus subtilis.

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