Abstract

HERNANDEZ-DELGADO, Sanjuana et al. Incidence of potencially toxigenic fungi in maize (Zea mays L.) in storage and cultivated in northern Tamaulipas, Mexico. Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2007, vol.25, n.2, pp.127-133. ISSN 2007-8080.

Fifty four samples of yellow maize grain and 43 of white grain were collected in six silos from Diaz Ordaz, Reynosa, and Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico, in 2005. To determine the incidence of fungi in the samples, ten grains were cultivated in potato-dextrose-agar medium during seven days and the number of invaded grains were recorded. In Rio Bravo, 14 hybrids with yellow grain and 11 with white grain were cultivated during 2005. Grain samples from each hybrid were collected during harvest and processed as already described. In samples from silos, incidence of Aspergillus was 50.3% on yellow maize, Fusarium 5.5%, and Penicillium 15.9%, while on white maize it was 44.6, 6, and 10.4%, respectively. Under field conditions, yellow maize hybrids showed greater incidence of Aspergillus (3.1%), Fusarium (76.9%), and Penicillium (11.6%) than white maize hybrids (2.4, 63.6, and 7.9%, respectively). Yellow maize hybrids (DK-697, DK-1060; Garst 8222, 8285, 8288; Golden Acres 8112, 8311, 8460) showed greater fungal incidence than white maize hybrids (Tigre; H-437, H-436; Asgrow 7573W). The genus Aspergillus showed the greatest incidence on yellow and white maize grain in silos in northern Tamaulipas, while Fusarium was the most frequently found in the field.

Keywords : Grain fungi; Aspergillus spp.; Fusarium spp.; Penicillium spp.