Abstract

FAJARDO-FRANCO, Marja Liza; AGUILAR-TLATELPA, Martin  and  GUZMAN-PLAZOLA, Remigio A.. Biofungicides evaluation in two coffee cultivars for Hemileia vastatrix control. Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2020, vol.38, n.2, pp.293-306.  Epub Nov 27, 2020. ISSN 2007-8080.  https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2001-1.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofungicides made with Azadirachta indica, Melaleuca alternifolia and Bacillus subtilis plus A. indica plus Syzygium aromaticum, for the control of coffee rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix in cultivars Garnica and Typica. The experiments were established under field conditions in three localities: Lipuntahuaca, Chilocoyo and Cinco de Mayo, using five-month old plants. Significant differences were found between biofungicides and the control for incidence (P=0.04), area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) (P=0.04), and apparent infection rate (P=0.03). No differences were found in severity except in the last evaluation. M. alternifolia induced the lowest values of incidence (34.4%), AUDPC (61.8) and apparent infection rate (0.028), with percentages of reduction regarding the control of 20.9, 14.2 and 39.1%, respectively. There were no significant differences between the Typica and Garnica cultivars for incidence and severity. The experimental plants in Lipuntahuaca had lower incidence (26.9%) and severity (2.3%) compared to Chilocoyo and Cinco de Mayo, with a 51.5 and 44.5% (incidence) and 4.2 and 3.4% (severity), respectively (P<0.0001). The biofungicides did not suppress the infection but the results suggest that research in this pathosystem should be continued.

Keywords : Severity; incidence; coffee rust; Coffea arabica; botanical fungicides..