Abstract

SALINAS-TORRES, Víctor Michael; GUTIERREZ-PADILLA, José Alfonso; AGUIRRE-JAUREGUI, Oscar Miguel  and  ANGULO-CASTELLANOS, Eusebio. Congenital malformations as a cause of hospitalization in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Perinatol. Reprod. Hum. [online]. 2012, vol.26, n.2, pp.83-89. ISSN 2524-1710.

Introduction: Congenital malformations (CM) are a major public health problem and the leading cause of death in children; representing 20% of infant mortality in the first year of life. Objective: To evaluate the contribution of CM as a cause of hospitalization in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Material and methods: We performed a retrospective, observational, transversal and descriptive study, in which we reviewed the medical records of 2,907 neonates, which entered the External Service of Neonatal Intensive Care (UCINEX) of the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara ''Fray Antonio Alcalde'', in the period 2005-2009 with the diagnostic of congenital malformations (CM) according to the WHO ICD-10. Statistics: measures of central tendency and percentages were done. Results: Two hundred ninety five infants (10.14%) had CM, 67% male and 33% female. CM myelomeningocele was the most frequent (12.9%). The gastrointestinal tract was the most affected with 27.4% of CM, chromosomal abnormalities generated more days of hospitalization (20.5 ± 5.5 days), the cardiovascular system showed 34.2% of deaths. The overall mortality was 14.2%; 60% of CM was treated surgically and 64.5% of the mothers of these infants were living in the metropolitan area of Jalisco State. Conclusions: Knowledge of the contribution of CM to neonatal mortality is important for the integration of preventive measures and plan effective strategies for its prevention, identify their causes and establish treatment. This information highlights the importance of further study of early recognition of the morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population.

Keywords : Congenital malformations; neonatal; prevention; mortality.

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