Abstract

ARIAS-TRINIDAD, Alfredo; RIVERA-CRUZ, María del Carmen  and  TRUJILLO NARCIA, Antonio. PHYTOTOXICITY OF A SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH FRESH OIL OVER Phaseolus vulgaris L. (LEGUMINOSAE). Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient [online]. 2017, vol.33, n.3, pp.411-419. ISSN 0188-4999.  https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.2017.33.03.05.

The toxic effects produced by soil contaminated with fresh crude oil on Phaseolus vulgaris plants was assessed. An absolute phytotoxicity index was generated, which includes seven parameters measured by a relative phytotoxicity index for the variables: height, radicular length, number of nodules, dry mass (foliar, radical, fruit and total). Likewise, the coefficients of determination (R2) were calculated. The bioassay carried out under plastic tunnel conditions and the toxic effects of crude oil in plants P. vulgaris was assessed at 100 days. A randomized complete block design was used in the bioassays under semi controlled conditions, with six treatments and three replicates at concentrations of 1500, 3000, 4500, 6000, 7500 and 9000 mg/kg of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) based on dry matter and control treatment. At day 100, the physiological damage [seedling emergence (R2 = 0.89; b = -3.427); height (R2 = 0.84; b = -0.0029); radical length (R2 = 0.62, b = -0.001); nodules number (R2 = 0.68; b = -0.0092) and dry mass (R2 = 0.77; b = -0.0014)] of the plants was inversely proportional to the TPH concentration in the soil, with differences between the treatments (Tukey p ≤ 0.05). At the 68 day of the assay, the withered in plants was noticed to upper concentrations of 3000 mg/kg TPH.

Keywords : hydrocarbons; toxicity; bioindicator; bioassay.