BACKGROUND:

Leiomyomas are benign neoplasms of mesenchymal origin in muscle, very rarely can be found in any area of the urinary tract, such as kidney, bladder and rarely urethra.

OBJECTIVE:

Report of a case of gynecological patient with urethral leiomyoma.

CASE REPORT:

A 45-year-old female patient who presented with urinary leakage of two years of effort and with urgency, sensation of a foreign body in a vulvar region. Physical examination: speculum: Valsalva (+), urine output by urethral meatus; a tumor is defined as a right paraurethral region with a firm, mobile consistency that displaces the contralateral urethra, permeable urethra, POP-Q is performed by anterior wall prolapse of the vagina: IV Aa (+4). Treatment consisted of vaginal excision, finding rounded tumor of regular borders, solid consistency, very vascularized of 7 x 5 cm approximately. The histopathology result was a urethral leiomyoma with no evidence of malignancy. Positive immunohistochemical staining for smooth muscle actin was reported in spindle cells with proliferative fascicles.

CONCLUSIONS:

Female urethral leiomyoma is a rare entity, its treatment of choice is transvaginal excision and its diagnosis is made through histopathology supported by immunohistochemistry. It is important to carry out a complete study protocol taking into account in the differential diagnosis malignant neoplasms.