Introduction:

The alteration in lipid metabolism has been involved in the pathogenesis of postoperative complications primarily by inducing inflammatory processes that may affect morbidity, in addition an increase in vulnerability/sensitivity for ischemia reperfusion has been observed involved apoptosis by stress mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum. During the anesthetic procedure, serum lipid levels can affect the pharmacokinetics of various anesthetic agents.

Objective:

To determine if there is scientific evidence to prove or refute the development of complications in post-operated patients who present with lipid decontrol in the preoperative period.

Methodology:

A review was made in the literature through the search engines PubMed, ScienceDirect, and BiomedCentral.

Results:

With the search criteria, 17 studies were reviewed (controlled clinical trials, case and control studies, cohorts and basic experimental studies).

Conclusions:

Although it is necessary to improve the methodology of several articles reviewed and increase the number of them, in most of them a relationship was found between dyslipidemia with postoperative alterations that affect an increase in morbidity or mortality.