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Revista Chapingo. Serie horticultura
On-line version ISSN 2007-4034Print version ISSN 1027-152X
Abstract
MALDONADO TORRES, Ranferi; ALVAREZ SANCHEZ, Ma. Edna; ACEVEDO, David Cristóbal and RIOS SANCHEZ, Everardo. Mineral nutrition of hydroponic green forage. Rev. Chapingo Ser.Hortic [online]. 2013, vol.19, n.2, pp.211-223. ISSN 2007-4034. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2011.10.053.
In this study we determined the nutritional value, forage yield and nitrate concentration in hydroponic green forage (HGF) obtained from wheat plants. Six treatments were evaluated, which consisted of T0, where solely tap water was applied; from T1 to T4, we tested nutrient solutions based on the Steiner (1961) method, which modified the ratio of NO3-/NH4+ in mol·m-3 (T1=12/0, T2=7.3/ 0.7, T3=7.0/1.4, T4= 6.0/2.8), and T5 consisted of a nutrient solution proposed by FAO, (ratio NO3-/NH4+ of 3.2/0.4 in mol·m-3). Wheat seeds (Rebeca F200 variety) previously soaked in solely tap water for 12 h were sown at a density of 3.2 kg·m-2 using plastic trays. We used a completely randomized design with four replications. Plant height (PH), yield per square meter (YISM), conversion ratio from seed to forage (CR), dry matter, ash, fiber, protein and nitrate concentration were measured. Treatments T2 (19.0 %), T1 (18.5 %), T3 (17.9 %) and T4 (16.75 %) had the highest concentration of protein. The lowest concentration of nitrate in the HGF was obtained in treatments T0 (3,542.2 mg·kg-1) and T3 (3,348.2 mg·kg-1). Although nitrogen was not applied to the control in T0, it showed a protein percentage of 15.3 %, which can be considered acceptable. The best treatment for the production of green hydroponic forage was T3, with a 17.9 % of protein and a nitrate concentration of 3,348.2 mg·kg-1. Applying 17.5 % N in the form of ammonium reduced the concentration of nitrate. On the other hand, with 33.3 % of NH4+ toxic effects in seedlings were observed.
Keywords : Nutrient solutions; wheat; nutritive value; nitrate.