Abstract

OLAN DE LOS SANTOS, Aldo Israel et al. Compartment syndrome in the extremities. Cir. gen [online]. 2023, vol.45, n.1, pp.27-37.  Epub Sep 30, 2023. ISSN 1405-0099.  https://doi.org/10.35366/110700.

Perform an analysis of the papers published in the scientific literature on compartment syndrome for the evaluation of patients with compartment syndrome and to identify the clinical presentation and necessary bases to establish the diagnosis and opportune treatment. There is almost no recent bibliography than almost less than five years old that describes the characteristics of compartment syndrome, which can be caused by multiple etiologies, which trauma is the most frequent, in addition to burns, fractures, contusions, coagulopathies, post-ischemic edema or very tight casts. Some studies were chosen and subjected to review and those with the highest academic content were selected. Each of the selected studies was analyzed and the data that could be included in each of the subtopics of the review article were identified. Acute compartment syndrome implies to a surgical emergency that, in case of not establishing an early intervention, the probability of irreversible sequelae increases remarkably. In acute compartment syndrome, there is an increase in interstitial pressure in the body compartments, compromising the adequate perfusion of the soft tissues derived from an ischemic process, presenting as clinical manifestations sudden intense pain, pallor, absence of pulses, paresthesia and paralysis, which accompanied by a directed anamnesis integrates the diagnosis together with the physical examination. Decompression of the affected muscle space, which requires a quick detection and early treatment to avoid sequelae and serious complications.

Keywords : syndrome; compartmental; extremities; fasciotomy; trauma; burn.