Abstract

PEREZ-PEREZ, J.U. et al. In vitro antimicrobial activity of Jatropha dioica Seseé extracts against tomato phyto-pathogenic bacteria. Polibotánica [online]. 2020, n.49, pp.125-133.  Epub June 20, 2020. ISSN 1405-2768.  https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.49.8.

The microplate microdilution method was used to evaluate the inhibition of in vitro growth of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis (Cmm), Pseudomonas syringe pv. tomato (Pst) and Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatory (Xcv) phytopathogenic bacteria, with extracts of different polarity obtained from roots of Jatropha dioica Seseé (Blood grade), endemic plant species of Mexico valued in traditional medicine for its pharmacological and healing properties. As an indicator of cellular respiration in bacterial cultures exposed to extracts, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride was used. The methanolic, hexane and ethyl acetate extracts showed antimicrobial activity against the phytopathogens Cmm, Pst and Xcv. According to the results, the hexane extract showed the lowest Maximum Average Inhibitory concentration (IC50) against Pst and Xcv (0.5 ± 0.01 and 1.7 ± 0.36 mg mL-1, respectively), so it was separated by column chromatography. As a result, a white crystalline solid identified spectroscopically as citlalitrione was isolated and purified, said compound also exhibited activity against the Cmm, Pst and Xcv bacteria with an IC50 of 1.0 ± 0.13, 1.0 ± 0.11 and 1.1 ± 0.19 mg mL-1, respectively. These in vitro results open the possibility of using plant extracts of J. dioica for the control of diseases caused by the bacteria studied in tomato cultivation, offering an alternative to the use of antibiotics or copper compounds.

Keywords : plant extracts; citlalitrione; antibacterials; phytopathogens; Solanum lycopersicum; Euphorbiaceae; Sangre Grado.

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