Abstract

BATLLORI, Eduardo  and  CANTO, Sophia. Intrinsic vulnerability to contamination of the karst aquifer in Yucatán, considering the Bouguer Gravimetric Anomalies. Bol. Soc. Geol. Mex [online]. 2022, vol.74, n.1, e130921.  Epub May 02, 2023. ISSN 1405-3322.  https://doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2022v74n1a130921.

The analysis of the Bouguer Gravimetric Anomalies, based on the differentiated density of the rock, better describes the multi-ring system linked to the Chicxulub Crater, subjected to different types of climate and significant temperature fluctuations, favoring weathering. To develop the intrinsic vulnerability map, were used the DRASTIC methodology and variables derived from the EPIK method. The results obtained show that the low vulnerability corresponds to the southern portion of the state of Yucatan, with 14% of the total state area. The average vulnerability occurs in the southeast-northwest axis with an area of 28%. High vulnerability is widely distributed in the eastern region, in the largest area of infiltration in the state, with 28% of the state surface. The very high vulnerability is associated with the multi-ring system derived from the Chicxulub Crater due to differences in rock densities and hydraulic conductivity. This radial zone extends to 24% of the state territory. Finally, extreme vulnerability occurs in the form of patches in the eastern part of the State, linked to the greater permeability of the territory, derived from an important presence of cenotes, density of sinkholes, fractures, faults, and a type of climate where it occurs. the highest precipitation (1,000 - 1,200 mm / year), generating very dynamic karst processes. It is spread over 6% of the state territory.

Keywords : karstic aquifer; vulnerability; Bouguer anomalies; Yucatán; Mexico; DRASTIC and EPIK methodology.