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TIP. Revista especializada en ciencias químico-biológicas
Print version ISSN 1405-888X
TIP vol.12 n.1 Ciudad de México Jun. 2009
Artículos originales
México: centro de origen de la domesticación del girasol
1 Jardín Botánico del Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, 04510 México, D.F. México. E-mail: rbyeunam@ibiologia.unam.mx
2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
Hasta hace poco tiempo, el origen geográfico del girasol domesticado (Helianthus annuus) había sido reportado en el área del sureste de los Estados Unidos de América. El análisis de documentos históricos de México y “semillas” arqueológicas recientemente descubiertas en Tabasco y Morelos, México, indican que los girasoles cultivados fueron importantes durante la época prehispánica y del virreinato en el centro de México. Cabe mencionar que los aquenios prehistóricos más grandes y más antiguos son de México. Aunque hoy en día las plantas silvestres son genéticamente distantes de los cultivares comerciales contemporáneos, las evidencias indican que México es el centro de origen más antiguo.
Palabras Clave: Domesticación; girasol; Helianthus annuus
Until recently, the geographic origin of domesticated sunflower (Helianthus annuus) has been reported as being in the area of southeastern United States of America. The analysis of Mexican historical documents and the recently discovered archaeological “seeds” from Tabasco and Morelos, Mexico, indicate that cultivated sunflower was important in central Mexico during the prehispanic and viceroyalty periods. Also, the oldest and largest prehistoric sunflower achenes are from Mexico. Even though modern day wild plants are genetically distant from the contemporary commercial cultivars, the evidence indicates that Mexico is an older center of origin.
Keywords: Domestication; sunflower; Helianthus annuus
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Recibido: 09 de Marzo de 2009; Aprobado: 18 de Mayo de 2009
Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons
