Abstract

GARCIA-WILLIS, Carlos Eduardo; VELA-ORTEGA, Ricardo  and  MAYA-LEAL, María Elena. Epidemiology of snake bites among the Mexican pediatric population. Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. [online]. 2009, vol.66, n.3, pp.254-259. ISSN 1665-1146.

Introduction. In the General Hospital of Tampico, a significant number of cases of snake bites were reported. Nevertheless, until now, there have been no reports about the clinical and epidemiological behavior and treatment protocol for accidental poisoning in children. Methods. Pediatric files with a diagnosis of accidental poisoning from April 1994 until December 2006 were analyzed. Variables analyzed were body region affected, classification of the degree of poisoning, dose of fabotherapy administered, complications, time of the accidental poisoning and time elapsed until treatment. Results. Of 610 patients, 171 (28%) were pediatric cases with the majority (65%) being male. The highest incidence (70.7%) was reported for the 6- to 15-year age group. The pelvic extremities are among the most affected anatomic site (55.5%). The highest incidence occurred during the evening (47.9%) and during the Spring/Summer months (94%). The most severe degrees of intoxication (III-IV) were reported in 121 cases (77.7%), and 70.6% of the cases required >40 flasks of fabotherapy. Average hospital stay was from 6 to 10 days. Local infections were the main complication in 21% of the patients and 47% of the patients arrived at the hospital after a delay of >24 h. Conclusions. Snake bites in pediatric patients have a low incidence (28%) as compared to the adult population but demonstrate a greater severity of intoxication due to the increase of the concentration of poison in a child with lower body weight. Complications are more serious, requiring a longer hospital stay. Likewise, use of a higher amount of fabotherapy is required.

Keywords : Snake bites; child; treatment.