Abstract

BOLIO-CERDAN, Alejandro et al. Prognosis of children with congenital heart disease submitted to Fontan surgery: 30 years of experience at the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez. Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. [online]. 2013, vol.70, n.2, pp.151-158. ISSN 1665-1146.

Background. At the present time, the Fontan procedure is indicated for patients with univentricular cardiac pathology. In Mexico, few tertiary centers are performing Fontan surgery in the pediatric population. The objective was to analyze the results of patients with congenital heart disease with univentricular physiology who have undergone Fontan surgery since 1980 in the Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez. Methods. We present a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients undergoing Fontan surgery. We included variables related to preoperative mortality and morbidity, those related to surgery and to the postoperative period. A bivariate analysis with the comparison of averages and odds ratio was performed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed. Results. From 1983 to 2012, 53 Fontan surgeries have been performed. Of the total, comprehensive data of 32 patients were gathered. The most common congenital heart disease was tricuspid atresia IB (39.4%); according to type of surgery, in 48% of patients extracardiac Fontan was performed more frequently (48%) followed by intracardiac Fontan (24%). In 87% of patients fenestration was performed. The most common complications were acute renal failure, neurological problems and pleural effusion. Overall survival was 65.6%; 90.9% of patients died within the first month of surgery. Some patients have survived >20 years (average actuarial survival 14.5 years). Variables associated with mortality were younger age at surgery, type of Fontan performed, surgical technique complications, lack of fenestration and acute renal failure. Conclusions. Evolution of Fontan surgery during the past 30 years has been satisfactory. In patients undergoing this procedure, mortality and quality of life have shown improvements.

Keywords : Fontan surgery; congenital heart disease; prognosis.