Abstract

GARIBAY-VALDEZ, Estefanía et al. The gut microbiota of penaeid shrimp: a historical perspective and state of the art. Biotecnia [online]. 2020, vol.22, n.1, pp.5-16.  Epub Aug 03, 2020. ISSN 1665-1456.  https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v22i1.1119.

The digestive tract microbiota is diverse and can provide great benefits to the host, participating in multiple functions related to its health, nutrition and growth. Recently, the microbiota study of important aquaculture species including penaeid shrimp has gained relevance. The first research efforts in the knowledge of the relationship between microorganisms and penaeid shrimp development used culture-dependent techniques. In spite of the novel findings, this represented only a small fraction of the total population; however, these first approaches allowed knowing the relevant role of microbiota in the biology of these crustaceans. Later, the development of methods based on molecular techniques, increased the panorama with new records of non-culturable bacteria in these environments, elucidating the effect of diverse factors including diet, antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and disease on the digestive tract microbiota modulation. However, the rise of high throughput sequencing, began providing robust datasets, allowing to know not only which microbes are present in a given organism, but reveal their functions and potential roles. So far, descriptions of the microbiota composition of the digestive tract of penaeid shrimp are available, as well as on how the management of these microorganisms benefits the productive response and health status; however, it is necessary to continue comprehending the microbiota-host relationship. The present review analyzes the current situation and future perspectives in the study of penaeid shrimp microbiota

Keywords : symbiosis; microbiota; metagenome; digestive tract; penaeid shrimp; sequencing; bioinformatic tools; functional profile.