Abstract

CAMPOS-MUZQUIZ, Lizeth Guadalupe et al. Morphological characterization and genetic diversity determination of the creole avocado Persea americana Mill in Parras, Coahuila. Biotecnia [online]. 2023, vol.25, n.3, pp.48-54.  Epub May 27, 2024. ISSN 1665-1456.  https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i3.1919.

In Mexico, there are different creole avocado genotypes with great genetic, cultural, and nutritional value. In Parras, Coahuila, the Persea americana Mill creole avocado is famous for its flavor and rusticity. These trees could serve as a source of germplasm, however, there are no scientific studies on their morphology and genetic diversity that establish their genetic value. In this study, thirteen creole avocado trees were sampled. Morphometric characteristics of fruits and the trees were evaluated. Likewise, genetic diversity was determined using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) as molecular markers. Trees showed variations in size, tree shape, girth, branching pattern, and leaf shape. Fruits also showed morphological differences in size, shape, and seed. Principal component analysis showed a strong association between seed size and fruit cavity. On the other hand, the population of creole avocado trees presented a genetic diversity of 0.27 and 78 % of the loci analyzed presented polymorphisms. In addition, the structure of the population was analyzed identifying two subpopulations of trees. In conclusion, creole avocado trees from Parras, Coahuila are good candidates as a source of germplasm due to their high genetic value.

Keywords : creole avocado; genetic variability; Persea; polymorphism; molecular marker.