Abstract

GUILLEN ROMO, Héctor. The dehomogenization of neoliberal discourse: From the German ordo-liberalism to the Austro-American ultra-liberalism. Economía UNAM [online]. 2019, vol.16, n.47, pp.140-186.  Epub June 30, 2020. ISSN 1665-952X.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fe.24488143e.2019.47.467.

Neoliberalism is not a monolithic block. There are substantial differences between the German School, the Austrian School and the School of Chicago. Beyond certain similarities, such as its desire to put an end to the collectivist tendencies of the twentieth century, its methodology, its vision of the market, the role of the state, the moral or sociological legal framework differ substantially. Thus, there is not a unique way of being neoliberal. Even within the same German neoliberalism, the differences are not negligible between, on one hand, the Freiburg School or Ordo-liberalism (Eucken, Böhm) with more legal concerns than sociological and, on the other, the representatives of a neoliberalism openly “sociological” (Rüstow and Röpke), even if both share many assumptions and convictions. In the case of ultra-liberalism (Mises, Hayek, M. Friedman, Becker, Buchanan), despite visible differences between different authors, all seek to transform the state to sustain and expand the logic the market by retreating towards a more narrow individualist reductionism. Although, this is not the case of anarcho-capitalist libertarians (D. Friedman, Rothbard) who see the state an illegitimate force that threatens the freedom of individuals.

Keywords : History Economic Thought; History of Thought Individuals; Political Economy of capitalism Neoclassical; B1; B3; P16; E13.

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