Abstract

NAVARRO-SIGUENZA, Adolfo G. et al. Biodiversity of birds in Mexico. Rev. Mex. Biodiv. [online]. 2014, vol.85, suppl., pp.S476-S495. ISSN 2007-8706.  https://doi.org/10.7550/rmb.41882.

We present an update to the knowledge of bird diversity in México. We assembled a list of the birds of Mexico including all species for which presence, recent or historical, has been confirmed, and incorporating recent taxonomic viewpoints. From this list, we obtained numbers of species and taxonomic richness, seasonal status, ecological distribution, and conservation status. Of the roughly 10 500 bird species currently recognized, 1 123 to 1 150 (11%) are found in Mexico, what ranks the country in the 11^th position in bird species richness, and in 4^th in the proportion of endemic species. Mexican avifauna is largely composed of resident species; however, migratory and transitory species are also important components. Similarly, a large proportion (77%) of the species breed in Mexico. Endemism levels are high: 194 to 212 species are included in some endemism category. Between 32-44% of the Mexican bird species has been rated with some level of threat according to national and international listings. Geographically, the highest species richness is located in contact areas between lowland and mountains in both slopes and along the lowlands of the in Gulf slope and the Yucatan Peninsula; endemism is mainly located in western Mexico: mainly along the Pacific slope and in mountains in the Transvolcanic Mexican Belt, the Sierra Madre Occidental, and the Sierra Madre del Sur; in the Atlantic slope, endemism is higher along the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Keywords : Mexico; birds; species richness; endemism; ecological distribution; geographic distribution.

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