Abstract

TORRES-DE LA CRUZ, Magdiel et al. Trichoderma diversity in the cocoa agroecosystem in the state of Tabasco, Mexico. Rev. Mex. Biodiv. [online]. 2015, vol.86, n.4, pp.947-961. ISSN 2007-8706.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2015.07.012.

Cocoa plantations of Tabasco are similar to rainforests. This agro-ecosystem contributes to preserve the biodiversity. In Tabasco, diversity studies in the cacao agro-ecosystem are related to the vegetation, mammals, birds, insects and spiders. The fungal diversity has not been studied. The aim of this study was to characterize the diversity of Trichoderma/Hypocrea from the cocoa rhizosphere in cocoa production areas of Tabasco. To this end, 96 strains of Hypocrea/Trichoderma were obtained and identified by morphology and ITS sequences. Trichoderma asperellum , T. brevicompactum , T. harzianum/H. lixii , T. koningiopsis/H. koningiopsis , T. longibrachiatum/H. sagamiensis , T. pleuroticola , T. reesei/H. jecorina , T. spirale y T. virens/H. virens, were the identified species. The richness (DMg) and abundance (H′) indexes were 1.75 y 1.69, respectively. The Pielou uniformity index (J) was 0.77. The highest diversity of Trichoderma/Hypocrea was detected in the Chontalpa subregion. T. harzianum/H. lixii was the most abundant. All the species are first report for the cocoa agroecosystem of Tabasco. Trichoderma asperellum , T. brevicompactum , T. koningiopsis/H. koningiopsis , T. pleuroticola , T. reesei/H. jecorina y T. spirale, are new reports for the state. Trichoderma pleuroticola is new record for Mexico.

Keywords : Biodiversity; Micromycetes; Cocoa rhizosphere.

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