Abstract

NAVARRO-GARZA, Hermilo; HERNANDEZ-FLORES, Martin; CASTILLO-GONZALEZ, Fernando  and  PEREZ-OLVERA, Ma. Antonia. Diversity and characterization of creole maize varieties: case study in cultivation systems of Guerrero's Costa Chica, México. agric. soc. desarro [online]. 2012, vol.9, n.2, pp.149-165. ISSN 1870-5472.

Maize (Zea mayz L.) has an important cultural and economic value for phytogenetic wealth, due to its strategic dietary purpose. The objective of this study was to explore management antecedents and characterize native populations of Creole corns. The working methodology was to carry out a contest of white Creole corns, based on criteria used by local producers in Tecoanapa, Guerrero. This first stage allowed understanding its diversity, characterizing its cobs, and selecting producers. In May 2006, 29 farmers and 42 parcels were selected, based on materials that entered the contest as "local Creoles". Surveys were carried out regarding their seeds, and use and management of Creoles. Results report the use of 11 Creole varieties. Palmeño and Olotillo were the ones of greatest use and they were characterized with 24 variables. Comparative analysis between Palmeño and Olotillo show significant differences between most of the variables. For Olotillo, the existence of differences between variables at the time of seed selection is exemplified, comparing this with estimation in the field. Management along different native population years shows a variability of criteria for seed selection and the consistent expression during the cultivation cycle, as a result from diverse experiences among farmers.

Keywords : traditional agriculture; natural wealth; phytogenetic resources.