Abstract

ESCOBEDO BERUMEN, Lucia et al. Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in a private Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Acta méd. Grupo Ángeles [online]. 2019, vol.17, n.4, pp.345-349.  Epub Sep 27, 2021. ISSN 1870-7203.

Retinopathy of prematurity is a peripheral proliferative vitreoretinopathy that occurs in preterm infants, multifactorial etiology, with immaturity being its main risk factor. In Mexico, the incidence has a wide variation and reaches up to 45.8% in children under 32 weeks of gestation or 1,500 g. The main objective is to demonstrate that the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity is lower than the literature, to look for a relationship between the risk factors. It is an observational, descriptive, longitudinal, prospective cohort study, newborns under 32 weeks or less than 1,750 grams at birth, reviewed by the ophthalmology service. We found an average of gestational age 30 ± 2.39 weeks, average weight of 1,382 ± 331.1 grams, 12.8% retinopathy, 51.4% male, 100% sepsis, preeclampsia was the predominant maternal pathology. Significance was observed: gestational age 0.152 (0.048-0.485) p = 0.001, birth weight 1.008 (1.001-1.0014) p = 0.016, intraventricular hemorrhage 11.325 (1.483-86.469) p = 0.019, enterocolitis IIA 2.75 (1.031-7.339) p = 0.043, bronchopulmonary dysplasia 11.370 (3.517-36.738) p = 0.009 .In conclusion, there is a low incidence of retinopathy of prematurity, screening is excellent, emphasis should be placed on the surveillance of proinflammatory and hypertensive states of pregnancy and never exceed the administration of oxygen.

Keywords : Retinopathy; preterm; low weight; incidence; risk; protection.