Introduction:

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is one of the most common opportunistic infections in HIV patients, being the main cause of brain lesions in this population, causing important neurological sequelae and reaching a high mortality rate in this group of patients.

Clinical case:

A female patient came to the emergency department with fever, headache, nausea, and left upper limb paresis with no known relevant medical history. Laboratory studies reveal decreased CD4+ levels and positive serologies for HIV. It was studied with the use of complementary methods. CT and MRI showed images compatible with infection for toxoplasmosis. Serology was performed for the parasite that was positive, giving the definitive diagnosis. He was treated with pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine for a six-weeks.

Conclusion:

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is frequent in patients with HIV, so an early diagnosis of both HIV and toxoplasmosis is essential for adequate treatment, avoiding future comorbidities.