Abstract

MORENO GALLEGOS, Tomás; MELGOZA-VILLAGOMEZ, Claudia Maria; CUEVAS REYES, Venancio  and  HERNANDEZ-ESPINAL, Luis Alberto. Evaluation of susceptibility to Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid in different varieties and commercial hybrids of sorghum Sinaloa, Mexico. Nova scientia [online]. 2017, vol.9, n.18, pp.186-199. ISSN 2007-0705.  https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v9i18.732.

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the reaction to M. phaseolina of three experimental varieties and seven varieties of free pollination of INIFAP, as well as 14 commercial sorghum hybrids, in order to identify varieties and hybrids that may present tolerance or less susceptibility to this sickness. The experiments were established in Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico, during the Spring-Summer cycles in 2010 and 2011, under rainfall field conditions. A randomized block design with three replications and a combined analysis for the two agricultural cycles were used. The experimental plot consisted of 10 plants inoculated with the fungus infected toothpicks. The analysis of the variance showed significant differences (p<0.05) in lesion length caused by the fungus between years, in the cycle 2010, a length significantly greater mean lesion (10.10 cm) was observed compared to the 2011 cycle (5.79 cm ). As for the length of the injury caused by the fungus, the genotypes that less lesion length on average of the two environments were: Fortuna and Mazatlán-16 (3.5 and 4.95 cm, respectively). The genotypes with more lesion length were Kilate, G-STAR-7402 and G-STAR-7205 (13.2, 15.7 and 16.65 cm, respectively). There was no correlation between the lesion length and the grain yield. The Fortuna and Mazatlan-16 varieties showed less damage to M. phaseolina, for that cause so plantings are suggested for temporary and as parents in the formation of hybrid sorghum tolerant to this disease.

Keywords : Sorghum bicolor; charcoal stalk rot; tolerant.