Abstract

TOLEDO-AGUILAR, Rocío et al. Morphological diversity of native population’s poblano pepper. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.5, pp.1005-1015. ISSN 2007-0934.

The genetic diversity in different types of pepper in Mexico has been little studied. The poblano pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) has great culinary importance as an ingredient in traditional dishes from Puebla; also constitutes a source of income for rural families in the region of the Sierra Nevada de Puebla; however, there is no study to determine the morphological diversity of native populations of this type of pepper found in this ecological niche. The aim of this study was to analyze the morphological diversity of native population’s poblano peppers de la Sierra Nevada de Puebla. By using descriptors were analyzed 41 populations of pepper poblano, four of ancho pepper, two of “Loco” pepper, one of “Miahuateco” and hybrid pepper ancho pepper “Doroteo” (Ahern Seeds®). An experimental design was used in three randomized complete block assessment in two locations. In the combined analysis of variance statistically significant difference in 60% of the variables found. With the selection of 30 morphological was performed variables principal component analysis, where populations of pepper poblano formed a group, away from the rest of populations evaluated and the hybrid. The cluster analysis was also performed, in which four subgroups were defined. The native populations that shaped each subgroup were not related to the geographical location of seed collection, suggesting the exchange of germplasm among farmers. In the native populations of pepper poblano morphological diversity found mainly in fruit variables, plant habit and earliness.

Keywords : Capsicum annuum L; characterization; morphological variation; multivariate analysis; native varieties.