Abstract

VAZQUEZ-CARRILLO, María Gricelda et al. Environmental impacts on physicochemical characteristics of potatoes from the Central Bureau of Mexico. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.5, pp.1051-1064. ISSN 2007-0934.

In the central bureau Mexico, the biotic and abiotic stress experienced by potato plants, induces the accumulation of phenols and reducing sugars in the tubers, which reduces its commercial quality. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of locality and genotype in the characteristics of quality, content of reducing sugars, phenols and antioxidant activity of six genotypes of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The Fianna variety and clones were investigated: Nau, 55-10, 8-29, 99-39 and 99-38, which were grown in Raíces (3 500 msnm) and Metepec (2 600 msnm), both in the Valles Altos Mexico Center. All physical and chemical variables showed highly significant differences (p< 0.01) due to the locality x genotype interaction. In Raíces tubers had higher specific gravity (1.085), dry matter content (22.07%) and starch (17.6%) and lower content of total soluble phenols (198.2 mg/100 g fw). In Metepec tubers they were synthesized lower quality and higher amount of reducing sugars (0.23 g/100 g fresh weight) and phenols (313.33 mg/100 g) due to the incidence of the disease purple top. A high correlation between phenol content and antioxidant activity (r= 0.87, p< 0.01) was found. 5-10 clone and variety Fianna cultivated in Raíces presented the best quality features, which were suitable for fresh consumption and for production of snacks.

Keywords : antioxidant activity; phenols; reducing sugars; tuber quality.