Abstract

RESENDIZ FLORES, Nidia Sarahí et al. Mesquite and huizache gum as an alternative to use in agroforestry systems. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.spe16, pp.3251-3261. ISSN 2007-0934.

Mesquite gum and huizache is an arabinogalactan protein that shares functional properties with gum arabic. The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of rubber mesquite (Prosopis laevigata Humb.) and huizache (Acacia farnesiana) with and without ethylene, under rainfed conditions, to enhance their multiple use and semi-arid agroforestry systems in arid from Mexico. The design was randomized block with three replications and three sampling units, with five treatments. In mesquite, when performing incision main trunk and apply the dose of ethylene, 209.2 g were obtained, while in secondary branch, with the same procedure 207.6 g yield was achieved. In huizache in main trunk, they were obtained 1 076.7 g and 1 049.5 g secondary branch. There was variability between blocks, but between treatments. There was variability between blocks, but between treatments. As a result of chemical analysis proximal found in mesquite: moisture 10.25%, ash 2.63%, 0.61% total nitrogen, ether extract 2.29%, 75% fiber, carbohydrates 5.96% and 0.27% tannins. In huizache: moisture 12.65%, ash 3.69%, 1.32% total nitrogen, ether extract 2.95%, 70.22% fiber, carbohydrates 2.20% and 0.15% tannins. The rubber of these two species is a good substitute for gum arabic presenting a similar and even greater potential. In treatments 2 and 3 were obtained higher yields, especially for Acacia farnesiana.

Keywords : Mesquite (Prosopis laevigata Humb.); huizache (Acacia farnesiana L. Willd); gum arabic.