Abstract

VALDES VALDES, Cristobal; ESTRADA CAMPUZANO, Gaspar; MARTINEZ RUEDA, Carlos Gustavo  and  DOMINGUEZ LOPEZ, Aurelio. Grain yield in wheat modified by source changes during grain filling. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2017, vol.8, n.1, pp.79-90. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v8i1.73.

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of source limitation during the grain filling stage (anthesis to physiological maturity) on the physiological and numerical components of wheat yield through defoliation and water stress. The experiments were carried out in the summer-autumn 2013 cycle (temporal; experiment 1) and winter-spring 2013-2014 (irrigation; experiment 2) in Toluca, Mexico, at a density of 350 seeds m-2 and a dose of fertilization of 200-60-30 (NPK); in both experiments treatments to reduce the source were imposed on anthesis. In the experiment 1, 60 elite lines (CIMCOG) and two source reduction treatments (defoliated and without defoliation) were studied under a split plot design with dos replicates. The experiment 2 consisted of 20 genotypes selected from experiment 1 and subjected to two water regimes (irrigation and drought) in a randomized complete block design with three replicates where each water regime was considered an environment. The analysis of variance was performed according to the model used to evaluate the effect of the treatments on the response variables. The results showed that the stress conditions (defoliation and drought) significantly affected grain yield and its components. A differential response was observed in the behavior of the genotypes in both experiments. The grain yield was less affected by defoliation and more drastically by drought through reductions in the number of grains and the individual weight of grains.

Keywords : Triticum aestivum L.; defoliation; grain yield; water stress.

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