Abstract

TELLEZ-ROMAN, Janeth et al. In vitro morphogenesis of Mammillaria plumose Weber. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2017, vol.8, n.4, pp.863-876. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v8i4.13.

Mammillaria plumosa is a highly appreciated Mexican cactus as an ornamental plant for its peculiar morphology. Excessive extraction and looting of its wild populations have forced its protection and is currently classified as an endangered species. Given this critical situation this paper aimed at developing an efficient in vitro propagation system feasible to be implemented as a strategie for recovering the species. Stem segments with areolae were seeded in medium MS (1962), supplemented with 2,4-D (9, 13.5 and 18 μM) in combination with kinetin (4.6, 9.3 and 13.9 μM). All evaluated treatments induced callus formation but the activation of the areolae for conversion to shoots was only obtained with 18 μM of 2,4-D and 9.3 μM of kinetin. In the proliferation stage callus continued to grow at the same concentrations of growth regulators, shoot differentiation occurred from the areolar activation and differentiation of novo adventitious buds. Shoots formed roots naturally in the process but the rooting was improved with the culture in medium MS (1962) at half the concentration of salts. In the plants acclimatization the survival rate was 85% in substrate of peat and river sand. Using this protocol it is possible to establish the micropropagation of Mammillaria plumosa where 500 plants can be regenerated in an average of 24 weeks of culture, which could be used in restoring wild populations or for commercial use.

Keywords : barrel cactus; cactus; micropropagation; organ-genesis; 2,4-D.

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