Abstract

VILLASENOR MIR, Héctor Eduardo et al. Don Carlos M2015: new variety of bread wheat with wide adaptation for rainfed crops in Mexico. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2018, vol.9, n.7, pp.1553-1559.  Epub Sep 30, 2020. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v9i7.1515.

An alternative to face the biotic and abiotic problems in the wheat producing areas of rainforest in Mexico, is the use of improved varieties that minimize their negative effects. Result of the process of genetic improvement of the program of wheat of temporary of the INIFAP, puts at the disposal of the producers of Mexico the new variety of bread wheat bread Don Carlos M2015. The parents that gave rise to the variety were the BABAX*2/PRL experimental line and the Tlaxcala F2000 variety; subsequently, the selection was made towards homozygosis through the mass method. As an advanced line, Don Carlos M2015 was evaluated in 79 locations in 11 states of Mexico in temporary conditions from 2012 to 2015, where it exceeded the overall yield of the 11 control varieties with which was compared 9% (Altiplano F2007) to 30% (Nana F2007), behavior that was similar under favorable, intermediate and critical production conditions. During this evaluation period, Don Carlos M2015 was moderately resistant to rusts and tolerant to the foliar diseases complex, surpassing in general all the control varieties. When evaluated with and without protection with fungicides, the blights and leaf spots affected the yield 18% and the yellow rust 16%, while the control varieties affected them up to 36% and 54%, respectively. Due to its combination of hard grain, strong medium mass and extensible, Don Carlos M2015 is suitable for baking in the semi-mechanized or manual industry and as an improver of tenacious and strong masses in the mechanized industry. Due to the above, Don Carlos M2015 is a new option for farmers in the areas of temporary wheat production in Mexico.

Keywords : bread wheat; disease tolerance; higher yield; new variety.