Abstract

LOPEZ-MORALES, Fernando; CHURA-CHUQUIJA, Julián  and  GARCIA-PANDO, Gilberto. Genotype interaction by environment of yellow corn yield in trilinear hybrids, Peru. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2019, vol.10, n.4, pp.859-872.  Epub May 22, 2020. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v10i4.1696.

The use of trilinear hybrids in the genetic improvement program of corn (Zea mays L.) has increased in recent decades, since it has the advantage of obtaining greater grain yield caused by heterosis. The AMMI model (main additive effects and multiplicative interactions) has demonstrated its ability to analyze stability, adaptation and genotype interaction by environment (IG*A). The objective of this investigation was to determine the stability and the IG*A of the yield of 25 yellow corn hybrids evaluated in five environments of Peru, between the years 2014-2015. Three environments belonged to the coastal zone and two to the low deciduous forest, using a 5x5 latice design with four repetitions. The AMMI model was useful to determine the stability and adaptation of the genotypes, both characteristics were expressed in the two biplot graphs of the same model, such graphs explained 49.42% and 70.47% of the IG*A, respectively. The two genotypes with the highest grain yield were the trilinear hybrids CML226xHPM302 and POOL26xHPM302 with 8.153 and 8.08 t ha-1, respectively, with good stability and acceptable adaptation to the IG*A. On the other hand, the only simple hybrid HPM302 was stable but with the lowest performance (6.151 t ha-1). On the other hand, edaphoclimatic conditions were decisive for the environments of La Molina: LM-2015 was the most stable of the five environments and LM-2014 turned out to have the highest yield (9.424 t ha-1) discriminating between genotypes, with the components of the IG*A positive.

Keywords : Zea mays L.; adaptation and stability; AMMI model; grain yield; trilinear hybrids.