Abstract

ANDRADE-HOYOS, Petra et al. Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. vs fungi associated with wilting of chilli. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2019, vol.10, n.6, pp.1259-1272.  Epub Oct 02, 2020. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v10i6.1326.

In Mexico, more than 100 varieties of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) are planted, it is a highly profitable crop and represents an economic activity of national importance. Currently, it faces serious phytosanitary problems due to the presence of diseases such as the wilting of chili, caused by a complex of soil pathogens. To control these diseases, toxic and residual fungicides are used, which pollute the environment and induce genetic resistance in phytopathogens. Therefore, it is necessary to look for control alternatives to solve this problem, therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the antagonistic effect of Trichoderma spp., against the causal agents of wilting in in vitro confrontations by means of dual cultures. The study was carried out in 2016, at the Intercultural University of the State of Puebla, Huehuetla, Puebla, Mexico. Three Trichoderma isolates from avocado tree rhizospheres, T. viride, T. harzianum and T. asperellum and three isolates of the phytopathogens P. capsici, F. oxysporum and R. solani obtained from the roots of plant plants were evaluated chili with wilting symptoms. The isolates were morphologically characterized for identification. The three antagonistic fungi presented a high percentage of inhibition, T. asperellum showed 88.25%, T. viride 87.22% and T. harzianum with 87.8%. Under the conditions of the study, T. asperellum, T. viride and T. harzianum, were efficient antagonistic microorganisms against the studied phytopathogens. It is suggested to carry out biocontrol evaluations with these isolates in the greenhouse and in the open field.

Keywords : Capsicun annum; Phytophthora capsici and Trichoderma spp.