Abstract

APAEZ BARRIOS, Maricela; ESCALANTE ESTRADA, José Alberto Salvador; APAEZ BARRIOS, Patricio  and  ALVAREZ HERNANDEZ, Juan Carlos. Production, growth and nutritional quality of chickpea depending on nitrogen and phosphorus. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2020, vol.11, n.6, pp.1273-1284.  Epub Oct 11, 2021. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v11i6.2226.

Chickpea is rich in protein and carbohydrates, of importance in human food. Currently, its performance is limited due to a lack of recommendations on fertilization, mainly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). In this sense, these nutrients can contribute to increase yield, accelerate growth, biomass accumulation and nutritional quality. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of N and P on the days to occurrence of phenological phases, grain yield, crop growth, biomass accumulation and nutritional quality of chickpea. Under seasonal rain conditions in Huitzuco, Guerrero, Mexico, chickpea was planted on June 1, 2017, with three levels of N (0, 75 and 150 kg N ha-1) and P (0, 75 and 150 kg N ha-1); respectively. During the study, the maximum and minimum temperatures ranged from 31 to 35 °C and 16 to 18 °C respectively, with rainfall of 806 mm. The occurrence of phenological stages was similar between treatments, thus, emergence occurred 10 days after sowing (dds), flowering at 55 dds and at 120 dds physiological maturity. With 150 kg of N and P ha-1 (N150-P150), the highest grain yield was presented (580 g m-2), the highest accumulation of total biomass (490 g m-2), and the grain was the organ of the plant to which the amount of accumulated biomass was modified with an increase of 3% in relation to treatments without N. The average growth rate of the crop was higher with applications of N, while with P the trend was similar. On the other hand, the nutrient that most influenced to intercept radiation was N. With N and P, the concentration of proteins and soluble carbohydrates increased mainly.

Keywords : Cicer arietinum L.; proteins; yield.