Abstract

MELERO MERAZ, Valentín; ZEGBE, Jorge A.; FERNANDEZ MONTES, Mario Rafael  and  CARRILLO AGUILERA, Armando José María. Characterization of peach genotype fruits as an alternative to expand the fresh marketing offer. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2020, vol.11, n.7, pp.1661-1667.  Epub Nov 29, 2021. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v11i7.2089.

Zacatecas peach production currently faces low productivity and competitiveness due to multiple factors. Therefore, the objective of the study was to characterize peach genotypes with outstanding characteristics at harvest time and fruit quality. A group of 91 six-year-old genotypes from an improved population of 403 hybrids and peach segregates, planted at random at high densities in 2008, was selected and evaluated in 2014. Controls were ‘Victoria’ and a segregator from ‘Victoria’ (VicS). For the phenotyping of the fruit (n= 10), it was harvested at consumption maturity. The response variables of each fruit were: polar and equatorial diameter, fresh mass, endocarp and mesocarp mass, and dry matter concentration of each fruit; as well as the color of the epicarp and mesocarp, firmness and concentration of total soluble solids. The outstanding peach genotypes GD1, GD3, GD5, and GD7 matured in June, GD43 in July, GD45, GD47, and GD68 in August, while GD70, GD77, and GD87 matured in September, respectively. In addition, these genotypes had the best phenotypic characteristics of the fruit. The results suggest that the fresh fruit supply period and the diversification of peaches with competitive quality for Zacatecas and similar agroecological zones can be extended to improve the prospects for cultivation in these regions.

Keywords : Prunus persica (L.) Batsch; harvest time; phenotyping by fruit quality.