Abstract

AYALA MONTEJO, Diana; VALDES VELARDE, Eduardo  and  ROMO LOZANO, José Luis. Analysis and prioritization of production systems associated with coffee and avocado. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2021, vol.12, n.3, pp.525-539.  Epub May 02, 2022. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v12i3.2377.

The pressure for the change to avocado monocultures in traditional coffee systems in the state of Veracruz can have consequences, as this crop seeks to maximize financial profitability without considering the sustainability of employment, management, adapting and implementing environmentally friendly technologies, investment capacity and ecosystem services. The objective was to analyze and prioritize different production systems associated with the cultivation of coffee and avocado, through two scenarios: financial (EF) and multicriteria (EMC). EF included monetary measures, which calculated the Cost Benefit Ratio (RBC); at EMC, in addition to RBC, the criteria for the need for investment, employment, management, carbon and nitrogen in plant biomass, biomass and edaphic macrofauna diversity were incorporated, they were analyzed using the PROMETHEE method; through, from which a prioritization order was generated. The analyses were performed on five systems: monoculture avocado (SAM), avocado coffee (SAC), renovated coffee (SCR); coffee plantation with severe cleaning (SCL) and abandoned coffee (SCA), with cycle information 2018-2019. In EF the SAM resulted with RBC far above the others (2.43). EMC prioritized SCR, SAM, and SAC in the top three positions of the ranking. The analyses support the threat of SAM to displace coffee plantations, therefore, the challenge of designing and putting into practice public policies that value social and environmental variables remain, and thus consolidate SAC in a better position that allows to maintain coffee cultivation.

Keywords : agroforestry; multicriteria; productive diversity; PROMETHEE; sustainability.