Abstract

CAMACHO VERA, Joaquín Hiutzilihuitl et al. Specialization of dairy production systems in Mexico: Diffusion of Holstein technological model. Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias [online]. 2017, vol.8, n.3, pp.259-268. ISSN 2448-6698.  https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v8i3.4191.

In Mexico, the production of bovine milk is characterized by its spatial concentration in certain regions. The country has three production systems geographically differentiated: intensive, family farm and extensive/dual purpose. This work suggests that over the last decade has changed the spatial configuration of dairy farming, which has generated an advance of regional specialization attributable to advance of the Holstein model. To detect patterns and changes in the production structure two indicators of regional economy were used. The value of production (crop and livestock) and an analysis Shift and Share were used to calculate the location quotient. The results show that between 2002 and 2013 a reconfiguration of the regional specialization of milk production in the country was given. Specialized dairy regions increased, implying a greater preponderance over other agricultural and livestock activities. Regions such as La Laguna, (DDR Laguna Durango y Laguna Coahuila) have maintained their high milk specialization. Meanwhile, entities such as Chihuahua and Durango were consolidated as productive regions of high specialization. Even dual-purpose systems, such as the northern state of Veracruz and Chiapas, have modified their production structure towards the production of bovine milk. It concludes that during the analysis period, there was a strong increase in milk production specialization in the country.

Keywords : Location quotient; Regional specialization; Holstein model; Shift and Share.