Introduction:

Forest and pre-forest fringe communities in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula are semi-shaded perennial herbs of external fringe and open areas of evergreen or semi-deciduous woodlands and their pre-forestry mantles, linked to the Stachyo lusitanicae-Cheirolophenion sempervirentis suballiance.

Objective:

To evaluate the chorology, ecological features and floristic circumscription of the forest fringe communities of the southwestern Iberian Peninsula.

Materials and methods:

Forest fringe communities adscribed to the Stachyo lusitanicae-Cheirolophenion sempervirentis suballiance were analysed, using phytosociological approach (Braun-Blanquet methodology) and numerical analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis).

Results and discussion:

The statistical and phytosociological analysis of six formerly described associations and the samples of this study lead us to propose a new forest fringe association: Picrido spiniferae-Cynarietum algarbiensis, dominated by Cynara algarbiensis Coss. ex Mariz. This forest fringe community is characteristic of the thermomediterranean to mesomediterranean, lower sub-humid bioclimate and occurs in the potential areas of the Quercus suber L. forests (Lavandulo viridis-Quercetum suberis), mainly in the Monchique Sierran District.

Conclusion:

The statistical and phytosociological analysis were useful in the evaluation of forest fringe communities in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Regarding the proposal of the new association Picrido spiniferae-Cynarietum algarbiensis, it is important to develop management strategies for the preservation of the endemic C. algarbiensis.