Background:

Santos Reyes Tepejillo, Oaxaca, lacks a comprehensive floristic inventory. A list of vascular plants will allow to have information to propose suitable strategies for the management and conservation of their plant resources.

Questions:

How many and which species of vascular plants are there in the municipality of Santos Reyes Tepejillo and in which type of vegetation are they found? What is the percentage of native, endemic and cataloged species in some category of risk?

Data description:

Vascular flora.

Study site and dates:

Santos Reyes Tepejillo, Oaxaca, Mexico; 2019 to 2021.

Methods:

Periodic botanical collection trips were made; the gathered material was herborized and determined with identification keys, and the information collected in field work was complemented with that available in databases and the review of specimens in herbaria.

Results:

A total of 536 species, 336 genera, and 103 families were recorded. The Asteraceae (58 genera/88 species), Fabaceae (21/37), and Apocynaceae (13/23) families stand out for their generic and specific richness, where the more diverse genera were Tillandsia, Salvia, and Euphorbia. Two hundred thirteen species are endemic to Mexico, 13 are exclusive to Oaxaca, and two restrict their distribution to the study area; 111 species are listed in some risk category.

Conclusions:

Santos Reyes Tepejillo concentrates a remarkable specific richness and presents an important level of endemism. This study documents three new records for Oaxaca and the discovery of three new species. Is essential to continue with the botanical exploration in the study area and adjacent regions.