Introduction

For three centuries, the dissemination of research results has relied on peer review. This process has become more important in recent decades, due to the increasing number of scientific research in specialized topics, which need to be evaluated to determine their quality, originality, validity and scientific creativity, among others. However, the process has been questioned for many reasons and new alternatives have recently arisen.

Objective

To realize an analysis of the historical evolution of the process of peer review in scientific publications, its advantages and disadvantages, its current situation and some future prospects.

Method

Narrative review of literature and critical essay on the subject.

Conclusions

The process of peer review is necessary. However, it is required to evolve into new forms of reviewing the research, involving present and future advances in technology and communications.