Abstract

DUTRENIT BIELOUS, Silvia. Mexico in the Southern Cone: diplomatic asylum and lessons from its practice in the 1970s. Entrediversidades rev. cienc. soc. humanid. [online]. 2020, vol.7, n.2, pp.6-32.  Epub Feb 26, 2024. ISSN 2007-7610.  https://doi.org/10.31644/ed.v7.n2.2020.a01.

For the traditional Mexican asylum policy, the 1970s proved significant by confrontation with other realities. They were also significant because of the challenges that diplomacy had to overcome with the existing instrument (Convention on Diplomatic Asylum of 1954). They were also significant because of the various perceptions of risk of the protection applicants, as well as for the particular interests of the Mexican State regarding its peers in Southern Latin America. An approach to the experiences of Argentina, Chile and Uruguay makes it possible to observe considerations and variables presented to the same asylum State, Mexico, from political realities that appeared similar and simultaneous but that were not so according to the facts.

From writing the history of its distinctive aspects, the article observes some core issues of the norm regulated in 1954. From this observation, it will be possible to determine ways of interpretation and its application. This journey will lead to a possible explanation of the tensions between the norm and the facts of the asylum, highlighting that the former did not fit the circumstances in which it was applied. The final reflection is potentially useful in the light of a new and diverse present, where protagonists in the decision making are located, both in the (re)elaboration of the inter-American legal instruments as in the national ones. But these experiences should not be ignored in the formation of the diplomatic corps of the various chancelleries.

Keywords : diplomatic asylum; embassies; dictatorships; Southern Cone; Mexico.

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