Abstract

OROZCO-PEON, Omar; GONZALEZ-MORENO, Alejandra; RUIZ-SANCHEZ, Esaú  and  TUN-SUAREZ, José María. Parasitoids assemblages and guilds (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) on maize and adjacent dryforest. Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios [online]. 2019, vol.6, n.17, pp.195-205. ISSN 2007-901X.  https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a6n17.1977.

In tropical areas little is known about the diversity of parasitoids, especially in cropped areas; which have shown that these insects are particularly sensitive to the increase in agricultural activities. The aim was to evaluate the diversity and composition of parasitoid species in maize fields with different area in a matrix of low deciduous forest. Six Malaise traps were placed: two in a maize field of 10 ha, two in maize field of 50 ha and two into dryforest, which were functioning during the maize phaenological cycle with weekly collections. 1 149 individuals were found represented in 43 genera, which 21 as new records for the Campeche State, Mexico. No differences were found in the number of genera present among sites, and the composition of the communities were very similar to each other, which reflects the migration of genera between the forest and maize fields. But differences in the dominant genera were founded, suggesting that the parasitoids respond to particularities of the habitat. Seven guilds of parasitoids were found, dominating the parasitoids that attack hidden phytophages. The diversity of genera was similar between forest and 50 ha maize field, and diversity of guilds was related with the size of the habitat, larger areas will have higher biodiversity. The genera that dominated the communities were Eiphosoma, Pristomerus, Microcharops and Casinaria, which, with the exception of the latter, have been registered as biological controllers of Spodoptera frugiperda in maize.

Keywords : Campeche; diversity; natural enemies; new records; Zea mays.