Abstract

INFANTE, C  and  BARAHONA, M. Unicompartmental knee prosthesis. Acta ortop. mex [online]. 2023, vol.37, n.3, pp.166-172.  Epub May 06, 2024. ISSN 2306-4102.  https://doi.org/10.35366/113075.

In a patient with severe unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis where conservative treatments have been exhausted, with painful symptoms located on the affected side and with a reducible axis, the unicompartmental knee prosthesis (UKP) is the first option for our work group. Within the study to confirm the diagnosis and plan the surgery, weight-bearing knee x-rays, Rosenberg x-rays, and teleradiographs of the lower extremities stand out. The objective of surgery is to replace the affected area, restoring the anatomy with an adequate balance of soft tissues. Regarding alignment, the challenge is not to overload the opposite side or that of the prosthesis. There are mobile and fixed plates and although the clinical and survival results are similar, in recent years with the incorporation of robotic surgery, the balance has tipped towards the use of fixed plates. The clinical and functional results are better and there are fewer complications than when total knee prostheses (TKP) are used in the same type of patients. The survival studied in registries is lower than for TKP, but when used in high-flow centers where the percentage of UKP is close to a third of the total with strict patient selection, the duration is as good as in PTR.

Keywords : knee; prosthesis; unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis; unicompartmental knee prosthesis; total knee prosthesis; clinical results.