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Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)
Print version ISSN 2448-8909
Abstract
VASQUEZ-REVILLA, Héctor Romeo; REVILLA-RODRIGUEZ, Eduardo and TERRAZAS-LUNA, Víctor. Early pulmonary complications in cardiac surgery patients. Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.) [online]. 2020, vol.34, n.5, pp.279-282. Epub Sep 19, 2022. ISSN 2448-8909. https://doi.org/10.35366/96458.
Introduction:
Early postoperative pulmonary complications (EPPC) are the main cause of complications unrelated to the surgical procedure in the cardiac surgery population.
Material and methods:
A retrospective, observational and descriptive study was conducted from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2018 in patients undergoing cardiac surgery admitted to the post-surgical care unit.
Results:
323 patients were included, 107 (33.1%) presented EPPC, the most frequent being atelectasis (n = 60, 18.6%), pleural effusion (n = 39, 12%), pneumonia (n = 5, 1.5%) and ARDS (n = 3, 1%). Patients who presented EPPC had a higher EURO SCORE II (3.9 ± 4.7 vs. 2.7 ± 2.2, p = 0.001), longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (119.6 ± 40.2 vs. 75.5 ± 36.6, p = 0.001) and clamping time (84.9 ± 30.5 vs. 53.5 ± 29.7, p = 0.001). The ICU survival of patients with EPPC was lower (74.8 vs. 88.4%, p = 0.002, OR = 2.6). Hospital survival was also lower in patients with EPPC (72.8 vs. 84.2%, p = 0.015).
Conclusions:
The incidence of EPPC after cardiac surgery in our hospital was high. The implementation of preventive measures such as early removal of mechanical ventilation and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation is necessary.
Keywords : Pulmonary complications; cardiac surgery; post-surgical care unit.