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Revista alergia México
On-line version ISSN 2448-9190
Abstract
MARTINEZ-MARTINEZ, María del Carmen; HERNANDEZ-MORALES, María del Rocío and MANCILLA-HERNANDEZ, Eleazar. The frequency of adverse reactions to sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim and risk factors in HIV patients. Rev. alerg. Méx. [online]. 2020, vol.67, n.2, pp.96-101. Epub Jan 27, 2021. ISSN 2448-9190. https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v67i2.670.
Background:
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) is the long-term use antimicrobial of choice in the prevention and treatment of opportunistic germs in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in whom the frequency of ADR (adverse drug reactions) is of 30% to 50 %.
Objective:
To determine the adverse reactions to TMP-SMZ and their risk factors in AIDS patients.
Methods:
The patients included in the study were older than 18 years of age, admitted from January 2018 to May 2019 with a confirmed diagnosis of HIV, and had had adverse drug reactions; 319 files were reviewed.
Results:
A frequency of 13.16 % in adverse reactions was reported; out of 42 patients with ADR, 23 had had ADR to TMP-SMZ (54.76 %). The highest rate of adverse reactions was represented by a rash, with 56.5 %, followed by angioedema, with 21.73 %, and nettle rash, with 17.39 %. The risk factors were: infectious comorbidity (OR = 2.6) and CD4 count < 100 (OR = 6.9), without statistical significance. The dose of TMP/SMZ was a risk factor (OR = 12.7) with p = 0.017.
Conclusions:
TMP-SMZ used in AIDS patients reached 54 % of the adverse drug reactions, and the dose of this medication was a risk factor.
Keywords : Adverse drug reactions; Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
