Abstract

TUTA-QUINTERO, Eduardo; COLLAZOS-BAHAMON, Estefania; OROZCO-BEJARANO, Cindy  and  PIMENTEL, Juan. Impact of ionizing radiation secondary to computed tomography on the development of neoplasms: A scoping review. Gac. mex. oncol. [online]. 2022, vol.21, n.2, pp.70-77.  Epub June 20, 2022. ISSN 2565-005X.  https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000097.

Ionizing radiation (IR), energy transported through rays, and particles emitted can increase the risk of developing cancer. We conducted a scoping review using PubMed and Scopus about association between radiation exposure when performing a computed tomography (CT) scan and the risk of developing a malignant and/or benign neoplastic process. Some 17 retrospective cohort studies and two cross-sectional studies were included in the study. The malignant tumors associated with IR included leukemia and brain, thyroid, head, and neck cancer, mainly in patients under 18 years of age exposed to more than two CT scans of the head, chest, and abdominopelvic regions. Therefore, the studies described a higher risk of developing cancer in subjects exposed to the IR of a CT, with a focus on the pediatric population, female gender, and repeated exposures. It is necessary to conduct a greater number of clinical studies that include a longer follow-up time, broader types of neoplasms, and population-based subgroup analysis.

Keywords : Ionizing radiation; Computed tomography; Risk factor; Cancer.