Abstract

ACOSTA-TORRES, Eduardo. The role of microRNAs in the development of heart failure. Cardiovasc. metab. sci [online]. 2021, vol.32, n.4, pp.206-213.  Epub Apr 05, 2024. ISSN 2954-3835.  https://doi.org/10.35366/102772.

MicroRNAs are single-stranded RNA of 22 nucleotides of length. Since their description in 1993, microRNAs have gained importance due to their ability to modify the expression of other genes at a post-transcriptional level. MicroRNAs are involved in regulating cardiac hypertrophy by acting as stimulators or inhibitors of some pathways related to the cell cycle. In this review, the most relevant ones will be discussed. MicroRNA-1 is a muscle tissue-specific microRNA, is considered an anti-hypertrophic microRNA. MicroRNA-133a, expressed in cardiac muscle, is characterized by its anti-hypertrophic effect. This microRNA modifies some pathways such as calcium, cell growth and development. MicroR-185 plays an anti-hypertrophic role and has three major targets during the process: sodium/calcium transporter, nuclear factor activating T cells, and Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. MicroRNA-378, expressed in cardiac myocytes, acts as a repressor of cardiac hypertrophy. On the other hand, microRNA-155 promotes cardiac hypertrophy through calcium signaling pathways and inflammation pathways. MicroRNA-200c is considered pro-hypertrophic and is thought to inhibit the action of myosin light chain kinase. It is even possible that the concentration microRNAs give us more information about the prognosis or diagnosis of cardiac diseases in the future.

Keywords : MicroRNA; Heart failure; cardiac hypertrophy.